Design Of a Compact Ultra-Wideband Antenna for Wireless Communication

Abstract
Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology heralds a swiftly evolving wireless communication medium with a high data rate. Embracing this burgeoning technology poses numerous challenges. The primary concern is crafting an antenna element optimized for the expansive UWB frequency band. Equally crucial is the development of UWB antenna beam-forming systems that incorporate a suite of UWB components—feed networks, transitions, crossovers, hybrid couplers, and phase shifters aligned meticulously with UWB standards. This article recommends deploying an Ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna tailored for UWB applications, operating within the 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz range. The goal is a compact, linear antenna with a VSWR of 2, ensuring compliance with UWB requirements. Extensive research examines the antenna's characteristics, encompassing radiation patterns and maximum gain. Notably, the proposed UWB antenna maintains a stable impedance (Za) of 50 Ω, successfully achieving a 3.1 to 10.6 GHz bandwidth. Empirical measurements validated the calculations, confirming gains of 2.45dBi at 3.1 GHz and 6.62dBi at 10.6 GHz.