Background Malnutrition poses a substantial challenge in Somalia, impacting approximately 1.8 million children.
This critical issue is exacerbated by a multifaceted interplay of factors. Consequently, this study seeks to examine
the long-term and short-term effects of armed conflicts, food price inflation, and climate variability on global acute
malnutrition in Somalia.
Methods The study utilized secondary data spanning from January 2015 to December 2022, sourced from relevant
databases. Two distinct analytical approaches were employed to comprehensively investigate the dynamics of global
acute malnutrition in Somalia. Firstly, dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) simulations were applied, allowing for a nuanced understanding of the short and long-term effects of armed conflicts, food price inflation, and climate variability on malnutrition. Additionally, the study employed kernel-based regularized least squares, a sophisticated statistical technique, to further enhance the robustness of the findings. The analysis was conducted using STATA
version 17.
Results In the short run, armed conflicts and food price inflation exhibit positive associations with global acute malnutrition, particularly in conflict-prone areas and during inflationary periods. Moreover, climatic variables, specifically
temperature and rainfall, demonstrate positive associations. It is important to note that temperature lacks a statistically significant relationship with global acute malnutrition in the short run. In the long run, armed conflicts and food
price inflation maintain persistent impacts on global acute malnutrition, as confirmed by the dynamic ARDL simulations model. Furthermore, both temperature and rainfall continue to show positive associations with global acute
malnutrition, but it is worth noting that temperature still exhibits a non-significant relationship. The results from kernel-based regularized least squares were consistent, further enhancing the robustness of the findings.
Conclusions Increased armed conflicts, food price inflation, temperature, and rainfall were associated with increased
global acute malnutrition. Strategies such as stabilizing conflict-prone regions, diplomatic interventions, and peacebuilding initiatives are crucial, along with measures to control food price inflation. Implementing climate adaptation strategies is vital to counter temperature changes and fluctuating rainfall patterns, emphasizing the need
for resilience-building. Policymakers and humanitarian organizations can leverage these insights to design targeted