Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Artificial Intelligence Among Healthcare Professionals in Mogadishu, Somalia

Abstract
Background: The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in various sectors has revolutionized
problem-solving approaches, particularly in healthcare. Developed countries have invested significantly
in AI research and applications in healthcare, while low-income countries such as Somalia lag due to
various challenges. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of AI among healthcare professionals in Somalia and explore their familiarity with AI technologies and practices. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1, 2024, to March 15, 2024, among 441 healthcare professionals in Somalia, using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed the participants' sociodemographic information, knowledge of AI applications in healthcare, attitudes towards AI capabilities, and practical experience with AI in healthcare. Results: Most participants demonstrated good knowledge of AI (67.6%) and a positive attitude towards its potential in healthcare (80.5%). However, a significant gap was observed in the practical application
of AI, with 79.1% of the respondents reporting poor practice. The study also found that sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, and income level did not significantly influence
knowledge or attitudes towards AI but did affect its practical use. Professionals in certain fields such as midwifery and public health are more likely to use AI in their work. Knowledge and attitude scores were also significant predictors of practice scores.
Conclusion: Healthcare professionals in Somalia demonstrate a good understanding and positive
attitudes towards AI but encounter challenges in its practical application. This study emphasizes the
necessity of an enhanced infrastructure, technical expertise, and data access to fully utilize AI's potential
in healthcare. It also highlights the significance of addressing ethical considerations and implementing
regulations to ensure responsible use of AI in healthcare. Efforts are needed to translate awareness and
receptiveness into effective practice, which could result in a better healthcare system.